ABSTRACT
Background and objective: Abnormal uterine bleeding due to endometrial abnormalities is a common diagnostic challenge facing the radiologist and referring gynecologist. This study was aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of transvaginal ultrasound, transabdominal ultrasound and diagnostic curettage in the detection of endometrial pathologies in symptomatic women
Methods: A prospective comparison study of transvaginal ultrasound, transabdominal ultrasound and diagnostic curettage was conducted for evaluation of endometrial pathology in Maternity Teaching Hospital, Erbil city,Kurdistan region of Iraq, from September13[th], 2013 to September[14]th, 2014. The study included 100 women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding.Ultrasound findings were compared with histopathological results. The statistical package for the social sciences [version 17] was used for data entry and analysis
Results: The mean age [ +/- SD] of sample size was 47 +/- 8.57 years. The mean parity was 5.17 +/- 2.71. The highest percentages of women were in age group 40-59 years [73%]. Of the total sample, more than half [52%] had regular cycles, 25% had irregular cycles and 23% were in menopausal state. In more than half of cases the indication for ultrasounds was for menorrhagia, followed by postmenapousal and intermenstrual bleeding [23% and 21%, respectively]. Of 98 women [2 women were excluded from analysis], 19% had atrophic endometrium and 67% had endometrial hyperplasia in histopathological finding. Transvaginal ultrasound sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 92.9%, respectively while transabdominal ultrasound sensitivity and specificity were 92.8% and 65%, respectively
Conclusion: Transvaginal ultrasound scanning is an excellent tool for the determination of whether further investigation with histopathological examination of endometrial biopsy is necessary or not for women presented with abnormal uterine bleeding
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: Death of an infant in utero or at birth has always been a devastating experience for the mother and of concern in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, probable risk factors and association of stillbirth with different maternal variables in Erbil Maternity Teaching Hospital
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to determine the prevalence of stillbirth and a case control design was used to determine the probable risk factors and demographic characteristics of women with stillbirth in Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil city, Kurdistan region, Iraq, from April 1[st], to December 31[st], 2011.Three hundred seventy nine women having stillbirth were regarded as cases while 758 women delivering alive newborns were regarded as control group
Results: The prevalence of stillbirth during the period of the study was 20.4 per1000 total births. Macerated stillbirth was about four times higher than the fresh stillbirth. There were statistically significant differences between the cases and controls in relation to: maternal age [>/= 35 years], level of education, history of antenatal care visits, parity, medical diseases of the mother, congenital anomalies of the newborn, and history of previous stillbirth. In 65.4% of cases the probable cause of death was unexplained
Conclusion: The prevalence of stillbirth in the Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil is high in comparison to the rate in other countries. This could be due to high level of deliveries per day and lack of good follow up of patients during labour
ABSTRACT
The most common manifestation of pelvic floor dysfunction is urinary incontinence [UI] which affects 15-50% of adult women depending on the age and risk factors of the population studied. The aim of this study was to determine the probable risk factors associated with UI; the characteristics of women with UI; describe the types of UI, and determine its prevalence. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and August 2011, in the Maternity Teaching Hospital of the Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, northern Iraq. It included 1,107 women who were accompanying patients admitted to the hospital. A questionnaire designed by the researchers was used for data collection. A chi-square test was used to test the significance of the association between UI and different risk factors. Binary logistic regression was used, considering UI as the dependent variable. The overall prevalence of UI was 51.7%. The prevalence of stress, urgency, and mixed UI was 5.4%, 13.3% and 33%, respectively. There was a significant positive association between UI and menopause, multiparity, diabetes mellitus [DM], chronic cough, constipation, and a history of gynaecological surgery, while a significant negative association was detected between UI and a history of delivery by both vaginal delivery and Caesarean section. A high prevalence of UI was detected in the studied sample, and the most probable risk factors were multiparity, menopausal status, constipation, chronic cough, and DM
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Menopause , Quality of Life , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
This prospective study on assessment of renal insufficiency in pregnancy induced proteinuric hypertension was carried out on 104 cases, in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (former IPGM&R), Dhaka during period of August 1997 to September 1998. The objective of this study, to find out the impairment of renal function in mild (<110 mmHg) and severe (>110 mmHg) hypertension. The frequency of mild hypertension was 96.29% and severe hypertension was 3.71% in third trimester of pregnancy. In this study mean age of the patient was 26.53+/-3.9 years, mean gestional age was 36.46+/-1.93 weeks and mean diastolic BP was 99.07 mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension was more in primigravida which was (72.23%) than multigravida (27.77%). Proteinuria was diagnosed as quantitative measurement of 24 hour urinary protein in photometric colorometer. The mean value of total urinary protein was 335+/-74.14 mg/24 hour (range 280-800 mg/24) hour). 1+Oedema was present in 48.14%, 2+ was 12.96% and 3+ was 14.81% of cases. There is a correlation of proteinuric hypertension with renal function which was done on the basis of laboratory investigations. Findings of parameters of renal function found to declined: Serum creatinine mean value 1.0+/-0.14 (P<0.001) (normal range 0.6-0.8 mg/dl.), Urinary creatinine mean 57.69+/-12 mg/dl., Creatinine clearance mean 53.72+/-11.63 ml/min, Total urinary protein mean 335.52+/-74.14 mg/24 hour. Total urinary volume mean 2985+/-49 ml/24 hr. All the patients and their babies were followed up till discharge from hospital. Cesarean section was done in 76% of cases and vaginal delivery was done in 24% cases. Mean hospital stay was prolonged in proteinuric hypertension 7+/-1 days than non proteinuric normotensive goup 3+/-1 days. All of those were average socio-economic status. Extreme low birth weight was 14.81% in 50% of IUGR cases.